收入与税务

How Section 80C Tax Saving Works

How to optimise Section 80C deductions in India up to the Rs 1.5 lakh limit, comparing PPF, ELSS, EPF, NSC, and other eligible investments.

Verified against Income Tax Department - Section 80C on 28 Feb 2026 Updated 28 February 2026 4 min read
打开计算器

Translation unavailable - this article is shown in English. View English version

Summary

Section 80C allows Indian taxpayers (under the old regime) to deduct up to Rs 1,50,000 from taxable income for specified investments and expenses. The calculator helps you optimise your 80C allocation by comparing the lock-in periods, returns, and risk profiles of eligible instruments like PPF, ELSS, EPF, NPS, NSC, life insurance, and tuition fees.

How it works

The Rs 1.5 lakh limit

The combined total of all 80C-eligible investments and expenses cannot exceed Rs 1,50,000 per financial year. This is a deduction from gross income — the actual tax saving depends on your marginal rate:

Tax bracketTax saved on Rs 1.5 lakh
5% slabRs 7,500
20% slabRs 30,000
30% slabRs 45,000

Plus 4% cess on each, so the maximum saving is approximately Rs 46,800.

Eligible investments

InvestmentLock-inReturns (approx)RiskTax on returns
PPF15 years7.1% (govt-set)NoneTax-free (EEE)
ELSS mutual funds3 years12-15% (market)HighLTCG above Rs 1.25L at 12.5%
EPF (employee share)Until retirement8.15%NoneTax-free (EEE) up to Rs 2.5L/yr contribution
NSC5 years7.7%NoneTaxable on maturity
Tax-saver FD5 years6.5-7.5%NoneInterest taxable yearly
Life insurance premiumPolicy termVariesLowConditional exemption
Children’s tuition feesN/AN/AN/ADeduction only
Home loan principalN/AN/AN/ADeduction only

Optimisation strategy

  1. EPF is usually auto-deducted from salary — count this first toward the Rs 1.5 lakh
  2. If EPF doesn’t fill the limit, PPF offers safe, tax-free returns
  3. For higher-risk tolerance, ELSS offers the shortest lock-in (3 years) and potential for equity returns
  4. Tuition fees and home loan principal are non-investment 80C claims that further reduce your remaining allocation
  5. Consider Section 80CCD(1B) for an additional Rs 50,000 NPS deduction (beyond 80C)

Worked example

Salary: Rs 12,00,000, EPF contribution: Rs 42,000/year, 30% bracket

  1. EPF auto-contribution: Rs 42,000 (counts under 80C)
  2. Remaining 80C capacity: Rs 1,50,000 - Rs 42,000 = Rs 1,08,000
  3. PPF investment: Rs 50,000
  4. ELSS investment: Rs 50,000
  5. Life insurance premium: Rs 8,000
  6. Total 80C: Rs 1,50,000
  7. Tax saving: Rs 1,50,000 x 30% = Rs 45,000
  8. Cess saving: Rs 45,000 x 4% = Rs 1,800
  9. Total saving: Rs 46,800

Inputs explained

  • Gross salary — to determine your tax bracket and EPF contribution
  • Existing investments — EPF, insurance, tuition fees already counting toward 80C
  • Risk tolerance — to recommend between PPF (safe) and ELSS (equity)
  • Investment horizon — shortest acceptable lock-in period

Outputs explained

  • Current 80C utilisation — how much of the Rs 1.5 lakh limit is used
  • Gap to fill — remaining capacity
  • Recommended allocation — suggested instruments based on your profile
  • Tax saving — actual rupee saving at your marginal rate

Assumptions & limitations

  • Section 80C is only available under the old tax regime. Under the new regime, these deductions cannot be claimed.
  • EPF contributions above Rs 2.5 lakh per year attract tax on interest (high-salary employees).
  • ELSS returns are market-linked and not guaranteed. Past returns do not predict future performance.
  • The Rs 1.5 lakh limit is shared across all 80C/80CCC/80CCD(1) instruments — you cannot claim Rs 1.5 lakh each.

数据来源

Industry
80c tax-saving ppf elss epf deductions india-tax